Wirus żółtej karłowatości cebuli jest rozpowszechniony na całym świecie, istotnie ograniczając plony upraw z rodzaju Allium. Celem pracy było wykrywanie i charakterystyka molekularna nowo zidentyfikowanych izolatów OYDV infekujących cebulę w Polsce. Obecność wirusa w cebuli potwierdzono za pomocą transmisyjnej mikroskopii elektronowej oraz techniki RT-PCR z użyciem dwóch par starterów diagnostycznych: OYDV-NibCPF1/R1 oraz OYDV-CPF2/R2. Specyficzność otrzymanych produktów potwierdzono za pomocą sekwencjonowania metodą Sangera, a otrzymaną sekwencję białka płaszcza wirusa wykorzystano do analizy filogenetycznej. Analizę filogenetyczną przeprowadzono na podstawie sekwencji CP nowego polskiego izolatu z cebuli oraz 37 innych sekwencji OYDV pobranych z Banku Genów. Analiza wykazała, że polski izolat OYDV jest najbardziej podobny do izolatów OYDV pochodzących z cebuli z Argentyny i Niemiec, co może wskazywać na ich wspólne pochodzenie. Ponadto zaobserwowano, że polskie izolaty cebuli i czosnku są bardzo zróżnicowane i należą do różnych grup filogenetycznych.

Onion yellow dwarf virus is distributed worldwide significantly reducing yield of crops from the Allium genus. The aim of the study was the detection and molecular characterization of newly identified OYDV isolates infecting onions in Poland. The virus was detected by transmission electron microscopy and RT-PCR techniques using two pairs of diagnostic primers: OYDV-NibCPF1/R1 and OYDV-CPF2/R2. The specificity of obtained RT-PCR products was confirmed by Sanger sequencing and received viral coat protein sequence was used for phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out using CP sequences of the new Polish onion isolate obtained in this study and 37 other sequences of OYDV retrieved from GenBank. The analysis revealed that the Polish OYDV isolate is the most similar to the OYDV isolates derived from onions from Argentina and Germany, which may indicate their common origin. Moreover, it was observed that the Polish onion and garlic isolates are very diverse and belong to different phylogroups.

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