Bakterie endofityczne odgrywają kluczową rolę w utrzymaniu zdrowia roślin działając jako bakterie promujące wzrost (PGPB) oraz czyn­niki biokontroli zwalczające patogeny roślinne. Celem pracy była ocena potencjału bakterii endofitycznych wyizolowanych z liści tytoniu (Nicotiana tabacum L.) do stymulowania wzrostu pszenicy ozimej (Triticum aestivum L.), a także do ograniczania rozwoju patogennych grzybów Fusarium oxysporum i Fusarium solani. Dwadzieścia izolatów bakteryjnych przebadano pod kątem właściwości biochemicznych, tolerancji na zasolenie oraz aktywności antagonistycznej wobec patogenów grzybowych. Cztery szczepy (Glutamicibacter halophytocola, Bacillus mobilis, Microbacterium paraoxydans i Huaxiibacter chinensis) uznano za najbardziej obiecujące ze względu na ich zdolność do promowania wzrostu roślin oraz hamowania rozwoju grzybów. Doświadczenia szklarniowe potwierdziły ich pozytywny wpływ na wzrost pszenicy, wykazując istotny statystycznie przyrost w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną: długości łodygi (do 22,3%), świeżej biomasy (do 65,3%) oraz suchej biomasy (do 44,0%). Należy jednak zaznaczyć, że choć aktywność przeciwgrzybowa była wyraźna w warunkach in vitro, nie przełożyła się na mierzalną redukcję objawów chorobowych w warunkach szklarniowych. Wyniki te podkreślają zarówno potencjał, jak i ograniczenia endofitów pochodzących z tytoniu. Badanie to dostarcza wstępnych informacji na temat możliwości ich wy­korzystania w rolnictwie zrównoważonym jako bionawozów oraz biologicznych środków ochrony roślin. Dalsze prace badawcze powinny koncentrować się na wyjaśnieniu mechanizmów ich działania oraz ocenie skuteczności w warunkach polowych, co pozwoli na optymali­zację strategii ich aplikacji.

Endophytic bacteria play a crucial role in plant health, acting as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and biocontrol agents against plant pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum L.) to promote winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum andFusarium solani. Twenty bacterial strains were screened for their biochemical traits, salt tolerance, and antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens. Four strains (Glutamicibacter halophytocola, Bacillus mobilis, Microbacterium paraoxydans, and Huaxiibacter chinensis) were identified as the most promising due to their ability to enhance plant growth and inhibit fungal growth. Greenhouse trials confirmed their growth-promoting effects, with significant increases up to 22.3% in stem length, fresh biomass up to 65.3%, and dry biomass upto 44.0% compared to the control. However, while antifungal activity was evident in vitro, it did not result in a measurable reduction of disease symptoms under greenhouse conditions. These findings highlight the dual potential and limitations of tobacco-derived endo­phytes. This study provides preliminary insight into their possible use as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents in sustainable agriculture. Further research should focus on elucidating their mechanisms of action and testing their performance in field conditions to optimize application strategies.

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